It’s the dreaded question you’re asked every single time you head to Central Market. “Paper or plastic?” Suddenly hit with a wave of insecurity and unsureness, you desperately grapple for the “correct” answer. You want to be green! You want to recycle! You want to show the cute hipster cashier that you care about the environment! Which choice is truly better, then? To give you some much-needed insight, this week’s blog series will focus on the production processes and environmental impact behind paper bags and plastic bags. Read on, conflicted grocery shopper!
Paper is made from the pulp of logs (known on the street as trees), which are felled in forests at a rate of 14 million per year. After their 3-year-long drying process is complete, the logs are hacked into itty-bitty 1″ cubes, and stored for later use. When it’s time for the cubes to grow up and become paper, they are cooked with tons of heat and pressure, and are “digested” with limestone and sulfuric acid. Thousands of gallons of fresh water are then used to wash and bleach the pulp, which is cut into finished sheets of paper. Cutting, printing, and packaging of paper bags can be quite expensive and labor-intensive, requiring much time and energy.
Plastic, on the other hand, is a by-product of oil refinement, and burns through 12 million barrels of oil a year. Plastic bags are made from a certain genus of plastic called “polyethylene,” which comes in the form of charming resin pellets. Machines heat the pellets until they can be pulled out into long, ultra-thin tubes, which are then burned with a hot rod to separate one bag’s end from another bag’s beginning. Bags are separated individually, and then handle-holes are cut out with a large stamp.
Overall, plastic is actually cheaper to produce, and requires less dangerous, exhausting labor. Plastic also uses less energy, operating off electricity alone, whereas paper requires massive amounts of natural resources like trees and water. However, plastic bags create 4 times the solid waste that paper bags do, and they can last forever. Even “biodegradable” plastic bags will never truly break down- just separate into millions of tiny, obnoxious, immortal pieces.
If you’re thirsty for knowledge on what paper and plastic recycling is like, stay tuned! More fascinating facts about your not-so-mundane grocery bags are coming up in our next blog post tomorrow.